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CUET 2023 Political Science Question Paper with Answers & Solutions

50 questions with answer key & explanations

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Q1.
In which year was the concept of first-past-the post (FPTP) as a form of electoral system adopted in the Indian sub-continent?
A. 1919 ✓
B. 1935
C. 1947
D. 1951
Show answer & explanation

Correct answer: A

The First-Past-The-Post electoral system was introduced in the Indian sub-continent through the Government of India Act of 1919, which provided for elections on this basis.

Q2.
This logo belongs to which party.
[Figure in original paper — see source PDF]
A. Indian National Congress ✓
B. Bhartiya Kisan Party
C. Socialist Party
D. Bhartiya Jana Sangh
Show answer & explanation

Correct answer: A

The pair of bullocks (two yoked oxen) was the election symbol of the Indian National Congress in the early decades after independence.

Q3.
"Tomorrow we shall be free from the slavery of the British domination, but at midnight India will be partitioned. Tomorrow will thus be day of rejoicing as well as of mourning". Who made the above statement?
A. Mahatma Gandhi (14 August 1947) ✓
B. Jawahar Lal Nehru (2 August 1942)
C. Saadat Hasan Manto (18 June 1947)
D. D.K. Barooah (15 July 1945)
Show answer & explanation

Correct answer: A

This statement reflecting on independence and partition as a day of both rejoicing and mourning is attributed to Mahatma Gandhi on the eve of independence (14 August 1947), as cited in NCERT.

Q4.
Match List I with List II LIST I (Present State): A. Gujarat, B. Haryana, C. Meghalaya, D. Chhattisgarh LIST II (Original State): I. Punjab, II. Assam, III. Bombay, IV. Madhya Pradesh Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
A. A-IV, B-I, C-II, D-III
B. A-III, B-IV, C-I, D-II
C. A-III, B-I, C-II, D-IV ✓
D. A-I, B-II, C-III, D-IV
Show answer & explanation

Correct answer: C

Gujarat was carved from Bombay (III), Haryana from Punjab (I), Meghalaya from Assam (II), and Chhattisgarh from Madhya Pradesh (IV). So A-III, B-I, C-II, D-IV.

Q5.
P.C. Mahalanobis focused on which aspects of the Indian economy during the framing of the Second Five Year Plan?
A. The Agrarian Sector including investment in dams and irrigation
B. Democracy and Education
C. Health Care
D. Rapid Industrialisation and active role of the Public Sector ✓
Show answer & explanation

Correct answer: D

The Second Five Year Plan, drafted by P.C. Mahalanobis, stressed rapid industrialisation (especially heavy industries) with an active and dominant role for the public sector.

Q6.
The idea of the Planning Commission in India was derived from:
A. USA
B. USSR ✓
C. UK
D. China
Show answer & explanation

Correct answer: B

India adopted centralised planning through the Planning Commission, an idea derived from the Soviet Union (USSR) and its model of Five Year Plans.

Q7.
Arrange the following in their chronological order: A. The Tashkant Agreement B. The Panchsheel Agreement C. The Treaty of peace and friendship with The Soviet Union D. The Shimla Agreement Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
A. D, A, C, B
B. C, D, A, B
C. A, B, C, D
D. B, A, C, D ✓
Show answer & explanation

Correct answer: D

Panchsheel Agreement (1954), Tashkent Agreement (1966), Treaty of Peace and Friendship with USSR (1971), Shimla Agreement (1972). Chronological order = B, A, C, D.

Q8.
The Afro-Asian conference of 1955 is also popularly known as.
A. The Shimla Agreement
B. The Tashkent Agreement
C. The Paris Accord
D. The Bandung Conference ✓
Show answer & explanation

Correct answer: D

The Afro-Asian Conference of 1955 held in Indonesia is popularly known as the Bandung Conference, which led to the founding of the Non-Aligned Movement.

Q9.
Arrange the following in their chronological order:- A. The students' agitation in Gujarat against the rising prices of food grain, cooking oil and other essential commodities. B. Indo - Pakistan war (Bangladesh crisis). C. Bihar students protested against food scarcity, unemployment and corruption. D. Peasant uprising took place in Naxalbari police station area of Darjeeling hill district in West Bengal. E. Railway strike. Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
A. D, A, B, C, E
B. E, B, A, C, D
C. D, B, A, C, E ✓
D. A, B, E, C, D
Show answer & explanation

Correct answer: C

Naxalbari uprising (1967), Indo-Pak war/Bangladesh crisis (1971), Gujarat agitation (Jan 1974), Bihar movement (1974), Railway strike (May 1974). Order = D, B, A, C, E.

Q10.
Name the Indian President who proclaimed emergency in 1975.
A. Dr Rajendra Prasad
B. Lal Bahadur Shastri
C. Fakruddin Ali Ahmed ✓
D. V.V Giri
Show answer & explanation

Correct answer: C

The Emergency of 1975 was proclaimed under Article 352 by President Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed on the advice of PM Indira Gandhi.

Q11.
Match List I with List II LIST I: A. Morarji Desai, B. Jagjivan Ram, C. Chaudhary Charan Singh, D. J.C. Shah LIST II: I. The Prime Minister of India from July 1979 to January 1980, II. The Chief Justice of Supreme Court, III. The Deputy Prime Minister from 1967-1969, IV. The Deputy Prime Minister of India from 1977-79 Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
A. A-I, B-III, C-II, D-IV
B. A-III, B-IV, C-I, D-II ✓
C. A-III, B-I, C-II, D-IV
D. A-IV, B-I, C-II, D-III
Show answer & explanation

Correct answer: B

Morarji Desai was PM 1977-79 but is matched here as the leader; Jagjivan Ram was Deputy PM 1977-79 (IV); Chaudhary Charan Singh was PM July 1979-Jan 1980 (I); J.C. Shah was a judge/Chief Justice (II). Best matching option is A-III, B-IV, C-I, D-II.

Q12.
E.V. Ramasami Naicker, also popularly known as Periyaar is primarily known for his ideas on :
A. Anti-casteism and rediscovery of The Dravidian identity ✓
B. Women suffrage
C. Support for ancient Indian language like Sanskrit
D. Support for religious minority groups in India
Show answer & explanation

Correct answer: A

E.V. Ramasami Naicker (Periyar) led the Self-Respect Movement, opposing the caste system and promoting Dravidian identity in Tamil Nadu.

Q13.
In which year was the state of Nagaland created?
A. 1963 ✓
B. 1972
C. 1987
D. 1980
Show answer & explanation

Correct answer: A

Nagaland was created as a separate state of India in 1963.

Q14.
Match List I with List II LIST I: A. Narmada Bachao Anadolan, B. Anti-Arrack Movement, C. Chipko Movement, D. Movement for Right to Information LIST II: I. Andhra Pradesh, II. Rajasthan, III. Gujarat, IV. Uttarakhand Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
A. A-II, B-I, C-III, D-IV
B. A-I, B-II, C-III, D-IV
C. A-III, B-I, C-IV, D-II ✓
D. A-IV, B-I, C-II, D-III
Show answer & explanation

Correct answer: C

Narmada Bachao Andolan-Gujarat (III), Anti-Arrack Movement-Andhra Pradesh (I), Chipko Movement-Uttarakhand (IV), RTI movement-Rajasthan (II). So A-III, B-I, C-IV, D-II.

Q15.
Medha Patkar is associated with.
A. The Chipko Andolan
B. The Narmada Bachao Andolan ✓
C. The Anti Arrack Movement
D. The Bhartiya Kisan Union
Show answer & explanation

Correct answer: B

Medha Patkar is the leading figure of the Narmada Bachao Andolan, which opposed large dams on the Narmada river.

Q16.
Who is the founder of The Bahujan Samaj Party ?
A. Mulayam Singh Yadav
B. Kanshi Ram ✓
C. Mamta Banerjee
D. Lalu Yadav
Show answer & explanation

Correct answer: B

The Bahujan Samaj Party (BSP) was founded by Kanshi Ram in 1984.

Q17.
Developments given made a long lasting impact on the politics of India in late 1980s and early 1990s. Arrange them in their chronological order. A. The Defeat of the Congress Party B. New economic Reforms C. The Demolition of the disputed structure at Ayodhya D. The Assassination of Rajiv Gandhi E. The Rise of Mandal issue Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
A. B, C, A, D, E
B. D, B, C, A, E
C. C, E, D, B, A
D. A, E, B, D, C ✓
Show answer & explanation

Correct answer: D

Defeat of Congress (1989), Rise of Mandal issue (1990), New economic Reforms (1991), Assassination of Rajiv Gandhi (May 1991), Demolition of Ayodhya structure (Dec 1992). Order = A, E, B, D, C.

Q18.
Who was the founder of The Sikkim Praja Mandal ?
A. Mary Kom
B. Laldenga
C. Angami Zapu
D. Kazi Lhendup Dorji ✓
Show answer & explanation

Correct answer: D

Kazi Lhendup Dorji founded the Sikkim Praja Mandal and played a key role in Sikkim's merger with India.

Q19.
The 14th Lok Sabha Elections were convened in the year :
A. 2009
B. 2004 ✓
C. 2014
D. 2001
Show answer & explanation

Correct answer: B

The 14th Lok Sabha elections were held in 2004, which brought the UPA government to power.

Q20.
Who was the Chairman of Second Backward Classes Commission ?
A. B.P. Mandal ✓
B. Kanshi Ram
C. H. D. Deve Gowda
D. V. P Singh
Show answer & explanation

Correct answer: A

B.P. Mandal was the chairman of the Second Backward Classes Commission (Mandal Commission), set up in 1979.

Q21.
Match List I with List II LIST I (Prime Minister): A. V.P Singh, B. Chandra Shekar, C. H.D Deve Gowda, D. Inder Kumar Gujral LIST II (Year): I. November 1990 - June 1991, II. April 1997 - March 1998, III. December 1989 - November 1990, IV. June 1996 - April 1997 Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
A. A-III, B-I, C-IV, D-II ✓
B. A-I, B-II, C-IV, D-III
C. A-III, B-II, C-I, D-IV
D. A-IV, B-I, C-III, D-II
Show answer & explanation

Correct answer: A

V.P Singh (Dec 1989-Nov 1990, III), Chandra Shekhar (Nov 1990-June 1991, I), H.D Deve Gowda (June 1996-April 1997, IV), I.K. Gujral (April 1997-March 1998, II). So A-III, B-I, C-IV, D-II.

Q22.
NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organisation) formed in 1949, was an association of how many states ?
A. 14 sates
B. 12 states ✓
C. 15 states
D. 11 states
Show answer & explanation

Correct answer: B

NATO was formed in 1949 with 12 founding member states.

Q23.
Match List I with List II LIST I: A. 18th Summit of the NAM, B. 1st Summit of the NAM, C. 2nd Summit of the NAM, D. 3rd Summit of the NAM LIST II: I. 1961, II. 2019, III. 1970, IV. 1964 Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
A. A-II, B-I, C-IV, D-III ✓
B. A-IV, B-I, C-III, D-II
C. A-III, B-II, C-I, D-IV
D. A-III, B-I, C-IV, D-II
Show answer & explanation

Correct answer: A

18th NAM Summit-2019 (II), 1st Summit-Belgrade 1961 (I), 2nd Summit-Cairo 1964 (IV), 3rd Summit-Lusaka 1970 (III). So A-II, B-I, C-IV, D-III.

Q24.
Which among the following statements with reference to The Shock Therapy are incorrect ? A. Privatisation led to new disparities. Russia was divided between rich and poor regions B. The value of the rouble the Russian currency declined C. Private farming was to be replaced by collective farming D. The valuable industries were undervalued and sold at throwaway prices E. The restructuring of the industries was carried out by the Russian Government Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
A. A and E
B. C and A
C. C and E ✓
D. D, B and C
Show answer & explanation

Correct answer: C

Under Shock Therapy, collective farming was to be replaced by private farming (C is reversed/incorrect), and restructuring was through market forces/capital markets, not carried out by the Russian Government (E is incorrect). So the incorrect statements are C and E.

Q25.
Match List I with List II LIST I: A. The Russian Revolution, B. The Fall of Berlin Wall, C. The Soviet invasion of Afghanistan, D. The Disintegration of the Soviet Union LIST II: I. 1989, II. 1991, III. 1917, IV. 1979 Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
A. A-II, B-I, C-IV, D-III
B. A-III, B-I, C-IV, D-II ✓
C. A-II, B-I, C-III, D-IV
D. A-III, B-II, C-I, D-IV
Show answer & explanation

Correct answer: B

Russian Revolution-1917 (III), Fall of Berlin Wall-1989 (I), Soviet invasion of Afghanistan-1979 (IV), Disintegration of USSR-1991 (II). So A-III, B-I, C-IV, D-II.

Q26.
Who hailed the emergence of The 'New World Order.'
A. George Bush ✓
B. Bill Clinton
C. Donald Trump
D. Jimmy Carter
Show answer & explanation

Correct answer: A

US President George H.W. Bush hailed the emergence of a 'New World Order' after the end of the Cold War and the Gulf War (1991).

Q27.
Match List I with List II U.S. Dominance in world Politics LIST I: A. New World Order, B. Global war on Terror, C. Taliban regime, D. Operation Iraqi freedom LIST II: I. George H. W Bush, II. 11 September 2001, III. Afghanistan, IV. 19th March 2003 Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
A. A-II, B-III, C-IV, D-I
B. A-I, B-II, C-III, D-IV ✓
C. A-III, B-IV, C-II, D-I
D. A-IV, B-I, C-II, D-III
Show answer & explanation

Correct answer: B

New World Order-George H.W Bush (I), Global War on Terror-11 September 2001 (II), Taliban regime-Afghanistan (III), Operation Iraqi Freedom-19 March 2003 (IV). So A-I, B-II, C-III, D-IV.

Q28.
Which country was the founder member of The ASEAN?
A. India
B. China
C. Russia
D. Indonesia ✓
Show answer & explanation

Correct answer: D

ASEAN was founded in 1967 by five countries: Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore and Thailand. Indonesia is the founder member listed.

Q29.
Which of the following is not a pillar of The ASEAN community?
A. Security
B. Economic
C. Political ✓
D. Socio-Cultural
Show answer & explanation

Correct answer: C

The three pillars of the ASEAN Community are the ASEAN Security Community, ASEAN Economic Community and ASEAN Socio-Cultural Community. 'Political' alone is not a pillar.

Q30.
Match List I with List II LIST I: A. Bhutan, B. Maldives, C. India, D. Sri Lanka LIST II: I. The first country to liberalise its economy in South Asia, II. Centrally located and shares border with most of the South Asian countries, III. A land locked country with Monarchy, IV. An island nation, was Sultanate till 1968 Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
A. A-I, B-II, C-IV, D-III
B. A-III, B-IV, C-II, D-I ✓
C. A-III, B-II, C-I, D-IV
D. A-IV, B-II, C-I, D-III
Show answer & explanation

Correct answer: B

Bhutan-landlocked monarchy (III), Maldives-island nation, Sultanate till 1968 (IV), India-centrally located, shares borders with most South Asian countries (II), Sri Lanka-first to liberalise its economy (I). So A-III, B-IV, C-II, D-I.

Q31.
"India and Pakistan are not in agreement over the demarcation line in "Sir Creek". The line in Sir Creek exists in which state of India ?
A. Maharashtra
B. Punjab
C. Gujrat ✓
D. Rajasthan
Show answer & explanation

Correct answer: C

Sir Creek is a disputed marshy estuary on the India-Pakistan border, located in the Rann of Kutch region of Gujarat.

Q32.
The International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) was established to promote.
A. Atom for peace ✓
B. Respect for all human rights
C. Building International coalition
D. Global trade
Show answer & explanation

Correct answer: A

The IAEA was established in 1957 under the 'Atoms for Peace' programme to promote the peaceful use of nuclear energy.

Q33.
Amnesty International, an NGO, campaigns for the :
A. Protection of The Girl child
B. Protection of old-Age population
C. Establishment of educational institutions
D. Protection of Human Rights ✓
Show answer & explanation

Correct answer: D

Amnesty International is an NGO that campaigns for the protection of human rights worldwide.

Q34.
The concept 'deterrence' refers to :
A. surrender
B. prevent war ✓
C. defend when war actually breaks
D. defeat the attacking forces
Show answer & explanation

Correct answer: B

Deterrence refers to the ability of countries to prevent war by maintaining a credible threat of retaliation, discouraging an opponent from attacking.

Q35.
Match List I with List II LIST I (Treaties - abbreviation): A. START, B. BWC, C. CWC, D. ABM LIST II (Full form): I. Biological weapons, II. Anti Ballistic Missile Treaty, III. Strategic Arms Reduction Treaty, IV. Chemical weapons convention Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
A. A-III, B-I, C-IV, D-II ✓
B. A-I, B-III, C-II, D-IV
C. A-III, B-II, C-I, D-IV
D. A-IV, B-I, C-II, D-III
Show answer & explanation

Correct answer: A

START-Strategic Arms Reduction Treaty (III), BWC-Biological Weapons Convention (I), CWC-Chemical Weapons Convention (IV), ABM-Anti Ballistic Missile Treaty (II). So A-III, B-I, C-IV, D-II.

Q36.
What does 'res communis humanitatis' means?
A. Global World
B. Global Commons ✓
C. Global Politics
D. Global Resources
Show answer & explanation

Correct answer: B

'Res communis humanitatis' refers to the global commons - areas/resources located outside the sovereign jurisdiction of any one state, such as the atmosphere, open oceans and outer space.

Q37.
The Rio Summit produced conventions dealing with climate change, biodiversity, forestry, and recommended a list of development practices called :
A. Agenda 51
B. Agenda 41
C. Agenda 31
D. Agenda 21 ✓
Show answer & explanation

Correct answer: D

The 1992 Rio Earth Summit produced Agenda 21, a set of recommended development practices for sustainable development.

Q38.
Which one of the following is incorrect ?
A. Globalisation was political, economic and cultural manifestations
B. Globalisation is not a multi dimensional concept ✓
C. Globalisation deals with Thi flow of ideas
D. Impact of Globalisation may or may not always be positive
Show answer & explanation

Correct answer: B

Globalisation IS a multi-dimensional concept (political, economic, cultural). The statement that it is 'not a multi dimensional concept' is incorrect.

Q39.
Match List I with List II LIST I (Concept): A. Erosion of state capacity, B. Increasing role of IMF and the WTO, C. Internet, D. Heterogenisation LIST II (Globalisation consequences): I. Economic Consequences, II. Technological Consequences, III. Political Consequences, IV. Cultural Consequences Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
A. A-IV, B-III, C-I, D-II
B. A-I, B-II, C-III, D-IV
C. A-II, B-IV C-I, D-III
D. A-III, B-I, C-II, D-IV ✓
Show answer & explanation

Correct answer: D

Erosion of state capacity-Political Consequences (III), Increasing role of IMF/WTO-Economic Consequences (I), Internet-Technological Consequences (II), Heterogenisation-Cultural Consequences (IV). So A-III, B-I, C-II, D-IV.

Q40.
In which year did the entire country shift to the EVM?
A. 1951
B. 2004 ✓
C. 2008
D. 2019
Show answer & explanation

Correct answer: B

Electronic Voting Machines were used across the entire country in the 2004 general (Lok Sabha) elections.

Shastri was the country's Prime Minister from 1964 to 1966. During Shastri's brief Prime Ministership, the country faced two major challenges. While India was still recovering from the economic implications of the war with china, failed monsoons, drought and serious food crises presented a grave challenge. As discussed in the previous chapter, the country also faced a war with Pakistan in 1965. Shastri's famous slogan 'Jai Jawan Jai Kisan ', symbolised the country's resolve to face both these challenges. Shastri's Prime Ministership came to an abrupt end on 10 January 1966, when he suddenly expired in Tashkent.
Q41.
Why Lal Bahadur Shastri resigned from the position of Railway Minister
A. Accepting moral responsibilities for railway accident ✓
B. He was forced to resign
C. His party lost election
D. He was not healthy
Show answer & explanation

Correct answer: A

Lal Bahadur Shastri resigned as Railway Minister in 1956 taking moral responsibility for a major railway accident, setting a high standard in public life.

Q42.
Who coined the famous slogan Jai Jawan Jai Kisan
A. Lal Bahadur Shastri ✓
B. Khan Abdul Gaffar
C. Jawahar Lal Nehru
D. Mahatma Gandhi
Show answer & explanation

Correct answer: A

The passage states Shastri's famous slogan 'Jai Jawan Jai Kisan' symbolised the country's resolve. It was coined by Lal Bahadur Shastri.

Q43.
What was the tenure of Shastri Ji as a Prime Minister of India
A. 1964-1967
B. 1964-1966 ✓
C. 1963-1967
D. 1965-1967
Show answer & explanation

Correct answer: B

The passage states Shastri was the country's Prime Minister from 1964 to 1966.

Q44.
In shastri Ji tenure India faced a war with country
A. China
B. Tibbat
C. Pakistan ✓
D. Bangladesh
Show answer & explanation

Correct answer: C

The passage states the country faced a war with Pakistan in 1965 during Shastri's tenure.

Q45.
Lal Bahadur Shashtri was a minister in union Cabinet from ____________.
A. 1952-1956 ✓
B. 1954-1956
C. 1953-1956
D. 1951-1956
Show answer & explanation

Correct answer: A

Lal Bahadur Shastri served as a minister in the union Cabinet from 1952 to 1956 (including as Railway Minister) before resigning in 1956.

The Syndicate was the informal name given to a group of Congress leaders who were in control of the party organisation. It was led by K. Kamraj, former Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu and the President of the Congress party. It included powerful State leaders like S. K. Patil of Bombay city (later named Mumbai), S. Nijalingappa of Mysore (later Karnataka), N. Sanjeeva Reddy of Andhra Pradesh and Atulya Ghosh of West Bengal. Both Lal Bahadur Shastri and later Indira Gandhi owed their position to the support received from the Syndicate. This group had a decisive say in Indira Gandhi's first Council of Ministers and also in The policy formulation and implementation. After the Congress split the leaders of the syndicate and those owing allegiance to them stayed with the Congress (O), since it was Indira Gandhi's Congress (R) that won the test of popularity, all these big and powerful men of Indian politics lost their power and prestige after 1971.
Q46.
The Syndicate refers to.
A. An elected representation of the party
B. A group of powerful and influential leaders within the congress ✓
C. Parties with different ideologies
D. Chief ministers of various states
Show answer & explanation

Correct answer: B

The passage states the Syndicate was the informal name given to a group of Congress leaders in control of the party organisation - i.e., a group of powerful and influential leaders within the Congress.

Q47.
Match List I with List II Match the leaders with their states LIST I: A. N. Sanjeeva Reddy, B. Atulya Ghosh, C. S. K. Patil, D. S. Nijalingappa LIST II: I. Bombay City (later Mumbai), II. Mysore (later Karnataka), III. Andhra Pradesh, IV. West Bengal Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
A. A-II, B-I, C-IV, D-III
B. A-III, B-IV, C-I, D-II ✓
C. A-IV, B-III, C-II, D-I
D. A-I, B-II, C-III, D-IV
Show answer & explanation

Correct answer: B

Per the passage: N. Sanjeeva Reddy-Andhra Pradesh (III), Atulya Ghosh-West Bengal (IV), S. K. Patil-Bombay City (I), S. Nijalingappa-Mysore/Karnataka (II). So A-III, B-IV, C-I, D-II.

Q48.
The Congress Syndicate was led by. A. N. Sanjeeva Reddy B. Atulya Gosh C. S.K. Patil D. K.Kamaraj E. S. Nijalingappa Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
A. A
B. B and C
C. E and D
D. D ✓
Show answer & explanation

Correct answer: D

The passage clearly states the Syndicate 'was led by K. Kamraj'. So the answer is D (K. Kamaraj alone).

Q49.
Who was the leader of Congress (R) ?
A. Morarji Desai
B. Lal Bahadur Shastri
C. Indira Gandhi ✓
D. S.K. Patil
Show answer & explanation

Correct answer: C

The passage states it was Indira Gandhi's Congress (R) that won the test of popularity. Congress (R) was led by Indira Gandhi.

Q50.
All the popular and powerful leaders of Indian politics lost their prestige after the split in Congress after:
A. 1969
B. 1971 ✓
C. 1972
D. 1970
Show answer & explanation

Correct answer: B

The passage's last line states these big and powerful men of Indian politics lost their power and prestige after 1971.

Original question paper source: National Testing Agency (NTA), CUET (UG) 2023. Reproduced for educational use. Answers & explanations by UniDrill.